The zebrafish can be used to study melanoma development, progression, drug screening, and treatment. SCCs are curable in situ by surgical excision. Many researches have been done regarding the improvement of diet and their husbandry to improve the growth rate and reduce stress and disease in many fish species like gilthead seabream, seabass, rainbow trout, Atlantic salmon, tilapia, catfish, cod, etc. The invertebrates such as flies and nematodes also can develop anomalies in cell proliferation. The vascular network is helpful to transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells; likewise tumor cells also get the supply of all these materials. The mammalian tumor cells can be transplanted into the zebrafish, dispensing a novel way to study the interactions between transplanted tumor cell and vasculature of host. © 2018 The Author(s). Very briefly, the origins of a few model organisms are described, including E. coli, yeast, C. elegans, Drosophila, Xenopus, zebrafish, mouse, maize and Arabidopsis. The zebrafish model is used commercially in many areas of aquaculture such as in the identification of genes involved in the development of the muscles, bones, and fats, the metabolism of nutrients, disease, and stress pathways and also behavioral traits. Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ABSTRACT The zebrafish has become a model of choice in fundamental and applied life sciences and is widely used in various fields of biomedical research as a human disease model for cancer, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, and regenerative medicine.The tr ansparency of the ze - This intestinal bulb displays patterns of motility as well as goblet cells that produce acid and neutral mucins like the stomach of mammals [20, 21]. Hypermethylation of tumorigenetic genes has negative impact (regulation) over tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), DNA repair genes, and antiangiogenic genes, and it is a common quality of neoplastic cells [55, 60, 61, 62, 63]. She wants to use developmental models that can uncover broader regulatory mechanisms applicable to disease, especially those in which developmental pathways are reactivated, such as in cancer. It is a bony fish (teleost) that belongs to the family Cyprinidae under the class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes). Thus, zebrafish is a suitable model for preliminary screening of molecules which have potential therapeutic or toxic effects. Model organisms are not organisms that get dressed up and pose for pictures (although that would be cool). The most important feature of xenotransplantation is that tumor cells can be stained/marked by fluorescent stain that distinguishes transplanted cells from normal cells and helps in clear observation of developmental process of the tumor [68]. A variety of fishes have been used as model to study tumors induced by environmental carcinogens. Uno de los modelos animales más populares de la investigación es el Zebrafish, un pescado tropical que sea nativo a los arroces de arroz de Asia. Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and students, as well as business professionals. Under laboratory conditions the zebrafish can spawn throughout the year that ensures the constant supply of offspring from designated pairs that makes this transparent fish a quintessential choice for large-scale genetic approaches to identify novel genes and to discover their specific functions in vertebrates [11]. When kept under optimal conditions, the zebrafish can lay about 200 eggs per week [9, 10]. The genes (sox2, barx1, gata5, and gata6) which are responsible for the formation of the stomach of zebrafish also resemble with that of amniotes [23]. Zebrafish is a successful and versatile animal model system, offering a tool to model gene function, development of various organ systems, cancer studies, toxicology, drug discovery, human disease and disorders and also in aquaculture, etc. Nüsslein-Volhard recognized the importance of zebrafish as a vertebrate model to study developmental biology by identifying developmentally important genes [18]. This provides insight into the genetic control of developmental processes in humans because their genomes are similar. Much of the pioneer works that established zebrafish as a model organism were done by George Streisinger, Charles Kimmel, and their colleagues [13]. Fishes are exposed to many waterborne carcinogens in the wild that lead to the development of a variety of benign and malignant tumors in teleosts, and these tumors have similar histology as in humans [45, 46]. Now, zebrafish has got the status of a successful animal model to study drug toxicity and toxicology caused by environmental contaminants [91]. The use of zebrafish as a model organism got impetus from the 1990s when it was used to develop two large genetic mutants, one by Nobel Prize winner Christiane Nusslein-Volhard in Tubingen, Germany, and the other by Wolfgang Driever and Mark Fishman in Boston, USA. In zebrafish larvae the vessels and blood flow can easily be visualized by using simple dissecting microscope and also by using fluorescent proteins; the development of the blood vascular system could be examined in great details. In the 1970s, George Streisinger pioneered the establishment of the zebrafish model. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a prominent model organism in biological researches in recent times. The zebrafish became an important model organism to study normal development, particularly after large scale genetic screening was used to identify genes that control developmental mechanisms. By Jin Wang, Xuan Zhang, Chunxia Ji, Lei Zhang, Yang Di, Wenhui Lou, Xiaoyan Zhang and Jianqing Xu. Animals as model organisms, the silent sentinels, stand watch over the environmental health of the world. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are small tropical fish (2.5-4 cm long) found natively in south Asia.First used in the 1960s in biological research, Zebrafish have proven to be excellent model organisms for developmental and disease studies. The embryo develops very fast, and the blastula stage lasts only for 3 h, while gastrulation gets completed in 5 h; in an embryo that is about 18 h old, very well developed ears, eyes, segmenting muscles, and brain can be viewed as the embryo is transparent. Drosophila became one of the first, and for some time the most widely used, model organisms, and Eric Kandel wrote that Morgan's discoveries "helped transform biology into an experimental science." The zebrafish model has been exploited recently to recognize the key molecules which are responsible for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) [72] as well as for SCC target therapies [79]. Also 70% of human disease genes have functional similarities with those of zebrafish [8]. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes. This tiny fish is a versatile model organism for many fields of research because of its easy maintenance, breeding, and transparent body during early development. Because of many significant disadvantages in the previous studies using in vivo mouse model, the metastasis process cannot be abstracted properly, but zebrafish cancer model has overcome the drawback of previous models and has shown exceptional strengths. We share our knowledge and peer-reveiwed research papers with libraries, scientific and engineering societies, and also work with corporate R&D departments and government entities. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) are a small‐bodied tropical, freshwater fish species originally from South Asia. The zebrafish is acquiring the reputation rapidly as a promising model animal to study drug and chemical toxicology [92, 93]. Studies involving Zebrafish have been important in many fields of research including oncology, regeneration and particularly embryonic development. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Chemically induced tumors in zebrafish and humans are histopathologically similar [43, 65], and orthologous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) have been identified in fishes and humans [65]. Melanoma usually develops in the pigmented epidermal cells (melanocytes), which are responsible for the production of melanin. Important drugs has been demonstrated well that toxic effects dressed up and pose for pictures although! 70 % of human disease genes have functional homologs in zebrafish [ 8 ] zebrafish makes the use of mentioned... Technological advances afforded by using zebrafish discussion about the development and growth and... With potential toxicity of antirheumatic drug like diclofenac was evaluated by using zebrafish see some of the world 's publisher... 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